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√n = n^(1/2). ∛n = n^(1/3). ⁿ√x = x^(1/n). For non-perfect squares, results are irrational. Simplify √72 = √(36×2) = 6√2. Negative numbers have no real square root but have complex roots: √(−1) = i. Cube root of negative numbers is negative: ∛(−8) = −2. Newton's method converges quickly for numerical root approximation.
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